SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies) |
9 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Sep. 30, 2016 | |
| Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies Policies | |
| Organization |
References in this document to the Company, Terra Tech, we, us, or our are intended to mean Terra Tech Corp. (Terra Tech), individually, or as the context requires, collectively with its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis.
We were incorporated in Nevada on July 22, 2008, under the name Private Secretary, Inc. Our original business was developing a software program that would allow for automatic call processing through voice-over-Internet protocol, or VoIP, technology. Our operations were limited to capital formation, organization, and development of its business plan and target customer market. We generated no revenue. We changed our name to Terra Tech Corp. on January 27, 2012.
On February 9, 2012, we completed a reverse-triangular merger with GrowOp Technology Ltd., a Nevada corporation (GrowOp Technology), whereby we acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of GrowOp Technology and in exchange we issued: (i) 33,998,520 shares of its common stock, (ii) 100 shares of Series A Preferred Stock, convertible into shares of common stock on a one-for-one basis, and (iii) 14,750,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock, with each share convertible into 5.384325537 shares of common stock. As a result of the merger, GrowOp Technology became our wholly-owned subsidiary. Following the merger, Terra Tech ceased its prior operations and is now solely a holding company. Through GrowOp Technology, we engage in the design, marketing, and sale of hydroponic equipment with proprietary technology to create sustainable solutions for the cultivation of indoor agriculture.
We are also a wholesale seller of locally grown hydroponic produce, herbs, and florals through our wholly-owned subsidiary, Edible Garden Corporation, a Nevada corporation (Edible Garden). We acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares in Edible Garden pursuant to a Share Exchange Agreement, dated March 23, 2013 (the Share Exchange Agreement), entered into by and among Terra Tech, Edible Garden, and the stockholders of Edible Garden. Pursuant to the Share Exchange Agreement, we offered and sold 1,250,000 shares of our common stock in consideration for all the issued and outstanding shares in Edible Garden. Separately, Amy Almsteier, one of our stockholders and a director (and, at that time, an executive officer), offered and sold 7,650,000 shares of Series B Preferred Stock to Kenneth Vande Vrede, Michael Vande Vrede, Steven Vande Vrede, Daniel Vande Vrede, Beverly Willekes, and David Vande Vrede (collectively, the Former EG Principal Stockholders).
On March 19, 2014, we formed MediFarm, LLC, a Nevada limited liability company (MediFarm), as a subsidiary. On July 18, 2014, we formed MediFarm I, LLC, a Nevada limited liability company (MediFarm I), as a subsidiary. On July 30, 2014, we formed MediFarm II, LLC, a Nevada limited liability company (MediFarm II), as a subsidiary. Through MediFarm, MediFarm I, and MediFarm II, we are currently operating one medical marijuana dispensary facility in Nevada and plan to operate additional medical marijuana cultivation, production, and dispensary facilities in that state. In April 2016, MediFarm commenced operations at its dispensary in Las Vegas, Nevada under the Blüm brand.
On September 16, 2014, we formed IVXX, LLC, a Nevada limited liability company (IVXX), as a wholly-owned subsidiary, for the purpose of producing a line of cannabis flowers and cigarettes, as well as a complete line of cannabis pure concentrates including: oils, waxes, shatters, and clears. We began producing and selling IVXXs products during the first quarter of fiscal 2015. We currently offer these products to 200 select dispensaries in California. We use our extraction lab located in Oakland, California to manufacture these products. IVXX also sells clothing, apparel, and other various branded products.
On October 14, 2015, we formed MediFarm I Real Estate, LLC, a Nevada limited liability company (MediFarm I RE). MediFarm I RE is a real estate holding company that owns the real property and building at which a medical marijuana dispensary facility will be located. It is our intention that MediFarm I will operate the medical marijuana dispensary. We own 50% of the membership interests in MediFarm I RE. The remaining membership interests are owned by Forever Young Investments, LLC (50%), an otherwise unaffiliated entity.
On April 1, 2016, we acquired Black Oak Gallery, a California corporation (Black Oak). Black Oak operates a medical marijuana dispensary in Oakland, California under the name Blüm, pursuant to that certain Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated December 23, 2015 (the Merger Agreement), with Generic Merger Sub, Inc., a California corporation and our wholly-owned subsidiary (the Merger Sub), and Black Oak. The Merger Agreement was amended by a First Amendment to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated February 29, 2016. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, the Merger Sub merged with and into Black Oak, with Black Oak as the surviving corporation, and became our wholly-owned subsidiary (the Merger). The Merger is intended to qualify for Federal income tax purposes as a tax-free reorganization under the provisions of Section 368(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
Subject to the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement, at the closing of the Merger, the outstanding shares of common stock of Black Oak held by (i) three of the current shareholders of Black Oak (the Group A Shareholders) were converted into the right to receive approximately 8,166 shares of our Series Z preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share (Series Z Preferred Stock), of which approximately 1,175 shares of Series Z Preferred Stock were issued and paid at closing, and approximately 8,668,700 shares of our Series B preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share (Series B Preferred Stock), of which approximately 1,248,300 shares of Series B Preferred Stock were issued and paid at closing and (ii) the remaining shareholders of Black Oak (the Group B Shareholders) were converted into the right to receive approximately 21,378 shares of our Series Q preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share (Series Q Preferred Stock), of which approximately 3,695 shares of Series Q Preferred Stock were issued and paid at closing. The shares of Series Z Preferred Stock, Series B Preferred Stock, and Series Q Preferred Stock that were issued but not paid to the Black Oak shareholders at closing are subject to certain holdback and lock-up provisions, and held in an escrow account as security for the satisfaction of any post-closing adjustments or indemnification claims, as provided for in the Merger Agreement. Each share of Series Q Preferred Stock was converted into 5,000 shares of our common stock and each share of Series Z Preferred Stock was converted into 1,857 shares of our Series B Preferred Stock, in each case immediately upon our filing with the Secretary of State of the State of Nevada an Amendment to our Articles of Incorporation to increase our authorized capital for, among other reasons, satisfaction of the terms of this potential transaction. Accordingly, the approximately 21,378 shares of Series Q Preferred Stock was issued to the Group B Shareholders was converted into approximately 106,890,000 shares of common stock and the approximately 8,166 shares of Series Z Preferred Stock was issued to the Group A Shareholders was converted into approximately 15,164,262 shares of Series B Preferred Stock. The Series Z Preferred Stock was intended to mirror the rights of the holders of our Series B Preferred Stock. Each share of our Series B Preferred Stock remains convertible into 5.384325537 shares of our common stock. The aggregate fair market value of the securities issued in the Merger was approximately $22.9 million. The Group B Shareholders may also receive cash consideration equal to approximately $2.1 million.
The securities paid to the Group A Shareholders and the Group B Shareholders are subject to certain post-closing adjustments that are based on certain performance indicators as of the first anniversary of the closing date of the Merger. The first indicator is based on the performance of the volume-weighted average price of our common stock on the first anniversary of the closing date of the Merger compared to the price of our common stock on the date of the Merger Agreement. The second indicator is based on our revenues for the twelve-month period following the closing date of the Merger. A portion of the securities that the Group A Shareholders and the Group B Shareholders are entitled to receive at closing of the Merger will be held in an escrow until the first anniversary of the closing date of the Merger and the post-closing adjustments are complete.
Since the Merger was completed on April 1, 2016, Black Oaks financial results are included in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016. |
| Basis of Presentation |
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include all of the accounts of Terra Tech. and subsidiaries. These unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (U.S. GAAP) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments and accruals considered necessary for a fair presentation, have been included. Operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2016.
Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been omitted in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes in Item 8 of Part II, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of our 2015 Annual Report on Form 10-K. |
| Use of Estimates |
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. |
| Cash and Cash Equivalents |
Cash and all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less from the date of purchase, including money market mutual funds, short-term time deposits, and government agency and corporate obligations, are classified as cash and cash equivalents. |
| Accounts Receivable |
We review all outstanding accounts receivable for collectability on a quarterly basis. An allowance for doubtful accounts is recorded for any amounts deemed uncollectable. We do not accrue interest receivable on past due accounts receivable. There was an allowance for doubtful accounts of $159,169 at September 30, 2016 and $184,642 at December 31, 2015. |
| Property, Equipment and Leasehold Improvements |
Property, equipment and leasehold improvements are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets: 3 to 32 years for machinery and equipment, leasehold improvements, and buildings are amortized over the estimated useful life. Repairs and maintenance expenditures that do not extend the useful lives of related assets are expensed as incurred. We test property and equipment for impairment annually for recoverability or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carry amount may not be recoverable. For the year ended December 31, 2015 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2016, we have concluded that the sum of the undiscounted cash flows exceeds the carry amount of the assets. |
| Intangibles |
Intangible assets are stated at historical cost and amortized over their estimated useful lives. We use a straight-line method of amortization, unless a method that better reflects the pattern in which the economic benefits of the intangible asset are consumed or otherwise used up can be reliably determined. The approximate useful lives for amortization of our intangible assets are as follows: customer relationships, five to 15 years; trade names, five to 15 years; and dispensary license, 15 years.
We review intangible assets subject to amortization quarterly to determine if any adverse conditions exist or a change in circumstances has occurred that would indicate impairment or a change in the remaining useful life. Conditions that may indicate impairment include, but are not limited to, a significant adverse change in legal factors or business climate that could affect the value of an asset, a product recall, or an adverse action or assessment by a regulator. If an impairment indicator exists, we test the intangible asset for recoverability. For purposes of the recoverability test, we group our amortizable intangible assets with other assets and liabilities at the lowest level of identifiable cash flows if the intangible asset does not generate cash flows independent of other assets and liabilities. If the carrying value of the intangible asset (asset group) exceeds the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the intangible asset (asset group), we will write the carrying value down to the fair value in the period identified.
We calculate fair value of our intangible assets as the present value of estimated future cash flows we expect to generate from the asset using a risk-adjusted discount rate. In determining our estimated future cash flows associated with our intangible assets, we use estimates and assumptions about future revenue contributions, cost structures and remaining useful lives of the asset (asset group). |
| The Carrying Value, Recoverability and Impairment of Long-Lived Assets |
We have adopted paragraph 360-10-35-17 of FASB Accounting Standards Codification for our long-lived assets. Our long -lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. We assess the recoverability of our long-lived assets by comparing the projected undiscounted net cash flows associated with the related long-lived asset or group of assets over their remaining estimated useful lives against their respective carrying amounts. Impairment, if any, is based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of those assets. Fair value is generally determined using the assets expected future discounted cash flows or market value, if readily determinable. If long-lived assets are determined to be recoverable, but the newly determined remaining estimated useful lives are shorter than originally estimated, the net book values of the long-lived assets are depreciated over the newly determined remaining estimated useful lives.
We consider the following to be some examples of important indicators that may trigger an impairment review: (i) significant under-performance or losses of assets relative to expected historical or projected future operating results; (ii) significant changes in the manner or use of assets or in our overall strategy with respect to the manner of use of the acquired assets or changes in our overall business strategy; (iii) significant negative industry or economic trends; (iv) increased competitive pressures; (v) a significant decline in our stock price for a sustained period of time; and (vi) regulatory changes. We evaluate acquired assets for potential impairment indicators at least annually and more frequently upon the occurrence of such events. The impairment charges, if any, are included in operating expenses in the accompanying statements of operations. Based on the test results, no impairments have occurred. |
| Deposits |
Deposits are for stores, land and utility companies located in California, Nevada and New Jersey. |
| Revenue Recognition |
Cannabis Products
We recognize revenue from product sales net of discounts, rebates, promotional adjustments, price adjustments, and estimated returns and upon transfer of title and risk to the customer, which occurs at shipping (F.O.B. terms). Upon shipment, we have no further performance obligations, selling price is fixed, and collection is reasonably assured.
We recognize revenue in accordance with ASC 605, Revenue Recognition, by recognizing as revenue the fees we charge customers because persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the fees we charge are substantially fixed or determinable during the period that we provide the goods or services, we and our customers understand the specific nature and terms of the agreed upon transactions, and payment is made for the goods or services when they have been rendered.
Revenue is recognized net of discounts, rebates, promotional adjustments, price adjustments, and returns, and net of taxes collected from customers that are remitted to governmental authorities, with the collected taxes recorded as current liabilities until remitted to the relevant government authority. Revenue is recorded upon transfer of title and risk to the customer which occurs at the time customers take delivery of our products at our retail dispensary. Upon purchase, we have no further performance obligations and collection is assured as sales are paid for at time of purchase.
Revenue related to the sale of consignment inventory is not recognized until the product is pulled from inventory and sold directly to our end-customers at our retail dispensary. We recognize revenue from the sale of consignment inventory on a gross basis, as it has determined that it is the primary obligor to the customer, has latitude in establishing the sales prices and profit margins of its products, has discretion in selecting its suppliers, is responsible for loss or damage to consigned inventory and through its customer validation process performs an important part of the process of providing such products to authorized customers. We believe that these factors outweigh the fact that we do not have title to the consigned inventory prior to its sale.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, sales returns were not significant and, as such, no sales return allowance has been recorded as of September 30, 2016.
Hydroponic Produce
We recognize revenue from products grown in our greenhouses and sold net of discounts, rebates, promotional adjustments, price adjustments, and estimated returns and upon transfer of title and risk to the customer, which occurs at shipping (F.O.B. terms). Upon shipment, we have no further performance obligations, selling price is fixed, and collection is reasonably assured.
For sales for which we use an outside grower, we evaluate whether it is appropriate to record the gross amount of product sales and related costs or the net amount earned as commissions. We determine the product specifications, cultivation, and packaging, while disclosing trade and operational secrets, greenhouse technologies, and nutrients used to grow. We are the primary obligor in the transaction because it is our brand that is sold into the retail channel. We are subject to inventory risk until product is accepted by the retailer. We bear credit risk for the amount billed to the retailer and, thus, must pay the grower in the event the selling price is not collected. This revenue is recorded at the gross sale price once the retailer has accepted delivery, selling price is fixed, and collection is reasonably assured. |
| Cost of Goods Sold |
Cannabis Products
Cost of goods sold includes the costs directly attributable to product sales and includes amounts paid for finished goods, such as flower, edibles, and concentrates, as well as, packaging and other supplies, fees for services and processing, other expenses for services, and allocated overhead. Overhead expenses include allocations of rent, administrative salaries, utilities, and related costs. It also includes the cost incurred in producing the oils, waxes, shatters, and clears sold by IVXX.
Hydroponic Produce
Cost of goods sold are for the plants grown and purchased and sold into the retail marketplace by Edible Garden. |
| Loyalty Rewards Program |
We offer a customer loyalty rewards program that allows members to earn discounts on future purchases. The amount of unused discounts earned by our loyalty rewards program members is included in accrued liabilities and recorded as a reduction of revenue at the time a qualifying purchase is made. Revenue is recognized when points are redeemed by the loyalty rewards program member. We began offering customers the loyalty rewards program during April 2015 and the value of points accrued as of September 30, 2016 was $25,097. |
| Research and Development |
Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. |
| Income Taxes |
We provide for income taxes based on enacted tax law and statutory tax rates at which items of income and expenses are expected to be settled in our income tax return. Certain items of revenue and expense are reported for Federal income tax purposes in different periods than for financial reporting purposes, thereby resulting in deferred income taxes. Deferred taxes are also recognized for operating losses that are available to offset future taxable income. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. The Company has incurred net operating losses for financial-reporting and tax-reporting purposes. Accordingly, for Federal and state income tax purposes, the benefit for income taxes has been offset entirely by a valuation allowance against the related Federal and state deferred tax asset for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. |
| Loss Per Common Share |
Net loss per share is computed in accordance with the provisions of ASC 260, Earnings Per Share, by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. During a loss period, the effect of the potential exercise of stock options, warrants, convertible preferred stock, and convertible debt are not considered in the diluted income (loss) per share calculation since the effect would be anti-dilutive. The results of operations were a net loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2016; therefore, the basic and diluted weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding were the same. |
| Fair Value of Financial Instruments |
We apply fair value accounting for all financial assets and liabilities and non-financial assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis. We define fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities, which are required to be recorded at fair value, we consider the principal or most advantageous market in which we would transact and the market-based risk measurements or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, such as risks inherent in valuation techniques, transfer restrictions and credit risk. Fair value is estimated by applying the following hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value into three levels and bases the categorization within the hierarchy upon the lowest level of input that is available and significant to the fair value measurement:
Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 - Observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
Level 3 - Inputs that are generally unobservable and typically reflect managements estimate of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.
Our valuation techniques used to measure the fair value of money market funds and certain marketable equity securities were derived from quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. The valuation techniques used to measure the fair value of all other financial instruments, all of which have counterparties with high credit ratings, were valued based on quoted market prices or model driven valuations using significant inputs derived from or corroborated by observable market data.
In accordance with the fair value accounting requirements, companies may choose to measure eligible financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. We have not elected the fair value option for any eligible financial instruments. |
| Recently Issued Accounting Standards |
Leases
In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (ASU 2016-02). ASU 2016-02 requires entities to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet for the rights and obligations created by all leases, including operating leases, with terms of more than 12 months. The new standard also requires additional disclosures on the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. These disclosures include qualitative and quantitative information. The new standard will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact the adoption of this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes
In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-17, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes (ASU 2015-17). ASU 2015-17 requires entities to present deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities as noncurrent in a classified balance sheet. The new standard is effective for public entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, with early adoption allowed on either a prospective or retrospective basis. The Company adopted ASU 2015-17, on a prospective basis, for its annual period ending December 31, 2015. Accordingly, the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2016 reflects the presentation of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities in accordance with ASU 2015-17.
Inventory Measurement
In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-11, Inventory (Topic 330): Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory (ASU 2015-11), which requires entities to measure inventory at the lower of cost and net realizable value (NRV). A SU 2015-11 defines NRV as the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal, and transportation. The ASU will not apply to inventories that are measured by using either the last-in, first-out method or the retail inventory method. The guidance in ASU 2015-11 is effective prospectively for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods therein. Early adoption is permitted. Upon transition, entities must disclose the nature of and reason for the accounting change. The Company does not expect that the adoption of this standard will have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements.
Going Concern Disclosures
In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15: Disclosure of Uncertainties About an Entitys Ability to Continue as a Going Concern (ASU 2014-15). ASU 2014-15 requires management to perform interim and annual assessments of an entitys ability to continue as a going concern within one year of the date the financial statements are issued and provides guidance on determining when and how to disclose going concern uncertainties in the financial statements. Certain disclosures will be required if conditions give rise to substantial doubt about an entitys ability to continue as a going concern. ASU 2014-15 is effective for annual and interim reporting periods ending after December 15, 2016, with early adoption permitted. We do not expect that the adoption of this standard will have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements. |